Copyright entitles the creator of an original composition the exclusive rights to that work, for a certain period. These rights include the publication, distribution, and adaptation for this work. Once the copyright time-period expires, the work enters the public domain. Copyright is applicable to any substantial and discrete work, within a fixed medium, that expresses information or an idea. The international standardization for a copyright is between 50 to 100 years after the author's death. As with many works of expression, there have been multitudes of copyright cases that have yielded interesting rulings. The first United States Supreme Court ruling on copyright was in 1834 and it involved the case of Wheaton v. Peters. The findings were that common law copyright law is nonexistent and that an individual must go through the formal channels to secure a copyright. Dastar Corp. v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp. (2003) found that a trademark couldn't preserve the rights to a public domain work.